Whale shark observation tourist locations in East Kalimantan Indonesia

whale shark (Rhincodon typus)

foto by Arief Borneo Freediving Comunity

The whale shark, Rhincodon typus, is the largest fish species. These fish are classified scientifically in the taxonomy as follows:

Kingdom	:	Animalia
Filum	:	Chordata
Kelas	:	Chondrichthyes
Sub Kelas	:	Elasmobranchii
Ordo	:	Orectolobiformes
Famili	:	Rhincodontidae
Genus	:	Rhincodon
Spesies	:	Rhincodon typus
Nama Umum	:	Hiu Paus
Nama Lokal	:	Hiu Bintang, Hiu Tutul, Geger Lintang, Hiu Totol

The whale shark is the single largest fish of the Rhincodon family. It is called the whale shark because of its large body size. On its body, there is a pattern / pattern of white spots so it is also known as a spotted shark. The head of the whale shark is flat with a wide mouth. It is known that the whale shark's mouth can reach 1.4 meters wide. In addition, whale sharks have two dorsal fins, pectoral/pectoral fins, pelvic/abdominal fins, anal fins, and caudal/tail fins.

Whale shark is the largest fish in the ocean that sails the ocean and hides the mystery of its life cycle. If you want to meet whale sharks in nature, you can find them in Berau Waters. Berau waters are known to be one of the areas where whale sharks appear regularly. Berau Regency is one of the regencies in the province of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. 

Berau district capital is located in the Tanjung Redeb sub-district. Berau Regency has an area of ​​34,127.47 km2 consisting of a land area of ​​21,942.37 km2 and a sea area of ​​15,020.00 km2, and consists of 52 large and small islands with 13 sub-districts, 10 sub-districts, 100 villages/villages. The coastal area of ​​Berau Regency is located in the sub-districts of Biduk-Biduk, Talisayan, Derawan and Maratua islands which are geographically directly adjacent to the ocean.

Berau Sub District Map

Based on periodic research conducted since 2014 in Berau Waters, as many as 93 individuals of whale sharks were identified and dominated by males (90 individuals). Not only in Berau Waters, as many as more than 10 individual whale sharks from this group were observed to appear in Talisayan Waters and also on Derawan Island.

The total length of the whale sharks found ranged from 3-7 meters so they were still categorized as juveniles. Berau waters provide a comfortable place to live and sufficient food for whale sharks, especially male juvenile individuals. Whale sharks usually appear when the chart is operating in Talisayan, namely during the Southern season (June-October or May-December).

According to the story of the people of Talisayan, whale sharks began to arrive in their waters since the fishermen threw their catches of small fish into the sea. Usually, whale sharks will roam to eat near Bagang House at 05.00 – 08.00 WITA (central Indonesia Standart Time). You also don't need to swim too deep because when fed, the whale shark will be at a depth of only 5 meters before being full and returning to the middle of the sea. Whale sharks only exist after dawn and before the sun rises. Apart from the Sayan Tali, the Whale Shark also often appears around the Derawan Island Bagang Fishermen House.

Interestingly, whale sharks only appear in Derawan during the north wind season. When the south wind season enters, they will move to Talisayan. So if you don't see whale sharks in Talisayan, they could be playing in around Derawan island.

The whale shark is one of three species of shark, which are known to feed by filtering seawater. Their food includes plankton, krill, beach crab larvae, macroalgae, and small nektonic animals such as squid or small vertebrates. Whale sharks are also known to prey on small fish and the scattering of millions of fish eggs and sperm that float in the sea water during the spawning season, as well as prey on jellyfish and snapper larvae.

This giant shark feeds passively by opening its mouth wide while swimming slowly, allowing seawater to enter freely and exit behind the oral cavity through the gill slits, while its food is filtered by filter sheets in its mouth.

Sometimes, whale sharks eat actively by opening and closing their mouths, so that seawater is sucked into the oral cavity and then pushed out through the gill slits. In both ways, the water will pass through the filter sheet which is a modification of the gill filter comb which is located parallel to the sheets. The more concentrated stream of food continues to travel down the fish's esophagus. The rows of tiny teeth in the fish's mouth don't seem to play a role in the feeding process.

Occasionally, whale sharks are seen 'coughing' in the water; this is a mechanism to clean the filter sheet from the dirt that clogs it. These sharks are known to migrate over long distances in search of food, and possibly also for breeding.

Whale shark observation tourist locations in East Kalimantan:

1. Tali in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan can be accessed by flight to Kalimarau Airport, Berau, then continue the journey to Talisayan for 4 hours by land. Then take a boat from Talisayan Pier to the center, where the charts are located. Watch the timing of your trip carefully, yes, because whale sharks only exist after dawn and before the sun rises.

2. Derawan Island, Berau Regency, East Kalimantan can be accessed by flying to Kalimarau Airport, Berau, then continuing the journey to Tanjung Batu for approximately 2 hours using a travel bus. after that take a regular speed boat to Derawan Island for about 30 minutes. after arriving at Derawan Island rent a boat to go to Bagang Fishermen House which is visited gradually by the Whale Shark.
   

   
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   📱0821 5942 7772 (WA) note : (Please Click The Name of Whale Shark Tour Organizer to visit their Instagram account) Whale shark observation tourist locations in Indonesia:

1. Cenderawasih Bay Nabire National Park, West Papua. can be accessed by flight to Nabire then continue by boat to Kwatisore for 3 hours. it is recommended to come in May and October when the weather is good.

2. Botubarani beach, Gorontalo. can be accessed from downtown Gorontalo by motor Cycle for approximately 40 minutes to the village of botubarani.
   
   Whale shark observation tourist locations in the World:

1. The east coast of Africa, Countries off the east coast of Africa such as Kenya, Mozambique, Djibouti and Tanzania are among the best places to see whale sharks. In Mozambique, whale sharks can be seen from November to February. Whale sharks visit the waters of Djibouti to feed on plankton around the Red Sea. In Madagascar, there is a dive center with whale sharks on the island of Nosy Be.

2. Honduras, can see whale sharks, especially Utila Island. The uniqueness of this island is that whale sharks can be seen all year round. Apart from Utila, whale sharks are frequently seen off the coast of Roatan Island in the Caribbean.

3. Australia's Ningaloo Reef is the best place to dive to swim with whales. Whale sharks can also be seen around Australian waters every March to July.

4. Holbox Island and Pulau Mujeres (Mexico) are among the best whale shark spots in the world. The best time to see whale sharks in Mexico is from June to September.

5. Cebu Island, Oslob, Southern Philippines, there is a tourist spot for feeding whale sharks but it has drawn protests and strong criticism for changing the natural behavior of whale sharks, which are reluctant to migrate because of their dependence on tourist attraction feeding.

Morio Forest Man, Keeper of the Borneo Forest

ORANG UTAN (Pongo pygmaeus morio)

Taxonomy Classification

Kingdom                : Animalia

Filum                    : Chordata

Class                     : Mammalia

Ordo                      : Primates

Famili                    : Hominidae

Upafamili               : Ponginae

Genus                    : Pongo

Once Humanity is dying in Mankind, sometimes animals are guiding us back to our basics.

Who does not recognize the photo above? a photo that aroused international enthusiasm for the Orangutan. The photo above is the work of an Indian photographer who lives in Balikpapan City, East Kalimantan. The photo was on the cover of National Geographic Magazine and won many international awards. photo taken at BOSF Samboja, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan. let's take the time to watch a video from Mr. Anil T Prabhakar who just uploaded our feelings to care for the Orang Utans who made Indonesia their last home before they became extinct. Their sustainability is in our hands.

The term orangutan is taken from the Malay vocabulary, namely 'Orang' which means human and 'Utan' which means forest. Thus, Orangutans mean humans who live in the forest. It is not wrong if Orang Utans are called "Humans", because these rare animals have close kinship with humans, the DNA similarity between orangutans and humans is 96.4%.

Orangutans are the only great apes that live in mainland Asia, while all of their relatives are in Africa. Other great apes namely Gorillas, Chimpanzees and Bonobos are found in the African region.

90% of the Orangutan population is in Indonesia and only in two places, namely the islands of Sumatra and Kalimantan. There are 5 sub-species of Orangutan, two of which are in Sumatra and 3 sub-species are in Kalimantan.

According to the fossil record of experts, Orangutans until the end of the Pleistone can be found in most lowland forests in Southeast Asia, from the foothills of Wuliang Shan in Yunan, South China, to the south of Java Island, with a total distribution area of ​​1.5 million km² ( Rijksen and Meijard, 1999). According to Atmoko (2007), the Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) and the Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) were geographically separated at least 10,000 years ago, when sea level rise occurred between the two islands.

The Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) is spread throughout the islands of Borneo in Indonesia (Kalimantan) and Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak, the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) on the island of Sumatra and the native Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) from South Tapanuli. Orangutan subspecies includes :

Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)

Male orangutan with wide cheek pads so that his face is rounded. Orangutans can weigh more than 90kg, and have dark brown hair. Bornean orangutans are mostly found in peat swamp forests.

Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii)

Male orangutans have cheek pads that sag down and have an oval face. Its weight can reach up to 90 kg, and has light orange brown hair. The Sumatran orangutan's habitat is in highland or mountainous forests with an altitude of 1,000 meters above sea level.

The Tapanuli Orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis)

The habitat of the Tapanuli Orangutan can only be found in the Batang Toru Ecosystem, North Sumatra and was officially named a new species in 2017. The physical differences of the tapanuli orangutan, namely the skull and jawbone are smaller but the canines are larger than the Sumatran and Kalimantan orangutans, the hair is thicker and curly. The male tapanuli orangutan has a prominent mustache and beard with flat cheek pads covered with fine blond hair.

Differences in facial characteristics of Sumatran, Kalimantan and Tapanuli orangutans

Bornean orangutan habitat

Bornean orangutans are scattered almost throughout the island of Borneo. The Schwaner and Muller mountain ranges have two major rivers, namely the Kapuas River (West Kalimantan), and the Mahakam River (East Kalimantan) as a natural barrier that forms the three subspecies of Bornean orangutans today.

Pongo pymaeus pygmaeus which is spread over the Northwest of Kalimantan (Betung Kerihun National Park, Danau Sentarum and surrounding areas), north of the Kapuas River to the northeast of Sarawak.

Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii has a distribution in Southwest Kalimantan, the southern part of the Kapuas river (West Kalimantan) and a small population in the eastern part of the Barito river (South Kalimantan).

Pongo pygmaeus morio whose distribution is limited to Sabah and the eastern part of Kalimantan as far as the Mahakam river.

Conservation Status

All sub-species of the Bornean orangutan are endangered species and are fully protected by Indonesian legislation. This species is classified by CITES into the Appendix I category (species that are prohibited from being traded commercially because they are very vulnerable to extinction).

Some of the main threats faced by Bornean orangutans are habitat loss, illegal logging, forest fires, poaching and the trade of orangutans as pets.Orangutans are often referred to as pests because they are often considered disturbing plantations so that conflicts between orangutans and humans are not uncommon.In the past, orangutans came in destroying oil palm shoots to eat. because they are considered pests, the palm oil company offers a competition with a prize money to kill an orangutan. therefore the hunter kills the mother and sells the cubs to be traded as pets so that they get a lot of money.but now with many Non Governmental Organizations (NGO) engaged in conservation and conservation, land conflicts with animals can be reduced because NGOs immediately move to rehabilitate and relocate wild animals that have lost their habitat.

orangutans become victims during conflicts with humans

Orangutan Food

Types of food for orangutans as many as 317 food species that can be identified, consisting of 227 different plant species, four species of fungi, five types of insects, one type of wild honey. Orangutans also drink water from rivers, swamps, and holes in trees (Galdikas, 1986). Despite the great variability in the diet of orangutans, orangutans are inherently frugivorous.

Orangutans make use of the fruit, flowers, leaves, buds and bark and fluids of various species of trees, creepers and other plants, as well as a variety of small vines, orchids, roots of water reeds, termites, caterpillars, weaver ants. , fungi (fungus), honey, roots and stems of young rattan shoots, creepers, epiphytes, ferns and small palms, most orangutans' diet (235 or 74%) comes from tree species (Galdikas, 1986).

Orangutan Rescue Center

On the island of Borneo, there are 5 Pongo Pygmaeus rehabilitation centers, in Central Kalimantan there is the Orang Utan Foundation which manages the orangutan care center and quarantine (Waringin City) and Camp Leakey which is located in Tanjung Puting National Park, Central Kalimantan.East Kalimantan is managed by the Center for Orangutan Protection (COP), namely the Borneo Orang Utan Survival Foundation in Samboja and the Nyaru Menteng Rehabilitation Center. COP is also in the process of constructing a new rehabilitation site, namely the Sepaku area, Penajam.There is also International Animal Rescue (IAR) which has an orangutan rehabilitation location in Sungai Cloud Village, Ketapang, West Kalimantan. Apart from Kalimantan, the Indonesian part, there is also an Orangutan rehabilitation center in Kalimantan, the Malaysian part, namely the Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Center, Sabah, East Malaysia.

Orangutans are already very rare to see in Kalimantan, but that doesn't mean they are impossible to see. The following national parks in Indonesia which are the location of orangutans can be seen, namely:

Sumatera island (pongo abelii & Pongo Tapanuliensis)

1. Gunung leuser National Park, Bukit Lawang, North Sumatera.

2. Bukit tiga puluh National Park, Jambi.

3. Batang Gadis National Park, North Sumatera.

4. Ekosistem Batang Toru, South Tapanuli, North sumatera ( pongo Tapanuliensis).

Kalimantan Island ( pongo Pygmaeus pygmaeus, pongo Pygmaeus Morio, Pongo Pygmaeus wurmbii).

1.  Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan

2. Tanjung Puting National Park, Central Kalimantan.

3. Nyaru Menteng Rehabilitation Center, palangkaraya Central Kalimantan.

4. Betung Kerihun National Park, West Kalimantan.

5. Samboja Lodge (Borneo Orang Utan Survival Foundation), Samboja, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan.

6. Orang Utan Rehabilitation Center (International Animal Rescue) Indonesia, Ketapang, West Kalimantan.

7. Wehea Kelay Protected Forest, East Kutai, East Kalimantan.

   
   

The Uniqueness of the Orang Utan

1. The Smartest Primate Species

Orangutans are known as a very intelligent primate species. This can be seen from the various behaviors of these animals. For example, being able to use a stick to pick up food, such as fruit on a tree properly, choosing broad leaves as protection from rain and heat, and concocting own medicines to treat oneself.

2. Have very close kinship with Humans.

One of the interesting facts about orangutans is the DNA structure that these primates have. According to the results of the research, it is known that the DNA of Orang Utans has similarities with human DNA, even the level of similarity reaches 96.4%. This shows that humans and Orang Utans have a very close relationship.

3. Male orangutans make a long call.

In the orangutan's throat there is a voice bag. It turns out that the voice bag has its own function for these primates. The sound bag produces a louder and longer sound, even a distance of 1 kilometer can still be heard.

4. The length of the orangutan's arms.

Although his body size is not too tall, but it turns out that the orangutan's arms are very long, even exceeding the size of the arms of other primates. One of the factors that triggers this animal's arm length to reach 2.3 meters is its habit of hanging from one tree to another using its arms.

5. Strong Animals.

Although stated to have close relationship with humans, the physical strength of the Orang Utan is still far above that of humans. Its strength is even estimated to be six times greater than that of a human. Not only physically, but also teeth. Even so, these primates are known to be harmless and even calmer.

6. Lazy and likes to sleep.

Orangutans are not only known as lazy animals, but also primates who like to sleep. In order to sleep more comfortably, these animals usually make mattresses from the branches in their nests. Not only that, just like humans, orangutans will also sleep during the day between their activities.

If you want to see wild orangutans, please come to Prevab Kutai National Park. There, Orangutans still behave naturally because they rarely interact with humans.they live comfortably in the Kutai national park area which is protected from the threat of deforestation and poaching. and also the orangutans in Kutai National Park are not the result of rehabilitation and reintroduction from orangutan rescue centers.

If you find an Orang Utan that requires evacuation assistance, please carefully secure it to a place that does not endanger orangutans and humans and makes it easier for the rescue team to evacuate, contact the East Kalimantan BKSDA number as soon as possible, namely:

WhatsApp call center: 082113338181 ☎️ 0541-743556

post photos / videos by tagging BKSDA Kaltim's IG at the following link:

https://www.instagram.com/bksda_kaltim/

Here's an Instagram account link that you can follow to add insight into saving protected wild animals in Indonesia:

Kutai National Park : https://www.instagram.com/btn_kutai/

Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF) : https://www.instagram.com/bosfoundation/

Samboja BOSF Lodge : https://www.instagram.com/bosf_sambojalodge/

The Centre for Orangutan Protection (COP) : https://www.instagram.com/orangutan_cop/

Tanjung Puting National Park : https://www.instagram.com/tanjungputing/

International Animal Rescue (IAR) : https://www.instagram.com/iar_indonesia/

Ayo ke Taman Nasional : https://www.instagram.com/ayoketamannasional_official/

Kayan Mentarang National Park : https://www.instagram.com/btn_kayanmentarang/

Sebangau National Park : https://www.instagram.com/btn_sebangau/

Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park : https://www.instagram.com/btn_bukitbakabukitraya/

Gunung Palung National Park : https://www.instagram.com/btn_gn_palung/

Sintang Orang Utan Center : https://www.instagram.com/sintangorangutancenter/

Yayasan Orang Utan Indonesia (YAYORIN) : https://www.instagram.com/yayorin.id/

The Orang Utan Project : https://www.instagram.com/theorangutanproject/

Orang Utan Foundation : https://www.instagram.com/orangutan_foundation/

Orang Utan Information Center : https://www.instagram.com/orangutaninformationcentre/

Sumatran Orangutan Society : https://www.instagram.com/orangutanssos/

Bukit Dua Belas National Park : https://www.instagram.com/btn_bukitduabelas/

Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park : https://www.instagram.com/btn_bukittigapuluh/

Ditjen Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam dan Ekosistem KLHK : https://www.instagram.com/konservasi_ksdae/

Kukangku : https://www.instagram.com/kukangku/

Natha Satwa Nusantara : https://www.instagram.com/nathasatwanusantara/

Animal Defenders Indonesia : https://www.instagram.com/animaldefendersindo/

Fotographer wildlife Mr. Anil T Prabhakar : https://www.instagram.com/anil_t_prabhakar/

wildlife fotographer and Ranger of Kutai National Park Mr. Haryadi :

FB : https://web.facebook.com/haryadibotledjojotaruno

IG : https://www.instagram.com/xplorer_kutai.np/

link Video Of Mr. Anil : https://www.instagram.com/p/CA7yh9vJSIK/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link

*Source and research literature adapted and summarized from various sources. such as from the BOSF website, COP, IAR, YAYORIN, and many more. besides that it is also taken from various scientific works such as research results. The author does not intend to be money oriented or to get commercial benefits, but purely to invite readers to increase their awareness of the preservation of Orang Utans. All photos include a watermark from the original owner, if something is not pleasing, please contact via the following link: linkr.bio/6rjr9

Manusia Hutan Morio, penjaga Hutan Borneo (Magnificent Seven of East Borneo)

ORANG UTAN ( Pongo pygmaeus morio )

Klasifikasi  Taksonomi

Kerajaan                : Animalia
Filum                    : Chordata
Kelas                     : Mammalia
Ordo                      : Primates
Famili                    : Hominidae
Upafamili               : Ponginae
Genus                    : Pongo

Once Humanity is dying in Mankind, sometimes animals are guiding us back to our basics.

Siapa yang tidak mengenal foto diatas? foto yang menimbulkan antusias dunia internasional kepada Orang Utan. foto diatas adalah karya dari Fotographer berkebangsaan India yang tinggal di Kota Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur. Foto yang menjadi sampul di Majalah National Geographic dan memenangkan banyak penghargaan internasional. foto diambil di Samboja BOSF, Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur.  mari sempatkan menonton Video dari Mr. Anil T Prabhakar yang cukup mengunggah perasaan kita agar turut peduli kepada Orang Utan yang menjadikan Indonesia sebagai rumah terakhir mereka sebelum punah. kelestarian mereka ada di tangan kita. 

Istilah orangutan diambil dari kosakata Bahasa Melayu, yaitu ‘orang’ yang berarti manusia dan ‘utan’ yang berarti hutan. Dengan demikian orang utan berarti manusia yang hidup di dalam hutan. Tidak salah jika orangutan disebut “manusia”, sebab satwa langka ini mempunyai hubungan kekerabatan erat dengan manusia, kesamaan DNA orang utan dan manusia sebesar 96,4 %..

Orang utan adalah satu-satunya kera besar yang hidup di daratan asia, sedangkan semua kerabatnya berada di afrika. kera besar lainnya yaitu gorilla, simpanse dan bonobo ditemukan di wilayah Afrika.

90 % populasi orang utan berada di Indonesia dan hanya ada di dua tempat yaitu pulau sumatera dan kalimantan. ada 5 sub species orang utan, dua diantaranya berada di sumatera dan 3 sub species ada di kalimantan.

Menurut catatan fosil para ahli, Orangutan hingga akhir Pleistone dapat ditemukan di sebagian besar hutan dataran rendah di Asia Tenggara, dari kaki perbukitan Wuliang Shan di Yunan, Cina Selatan, sampai ke selatan Pulau Jawa, dengan luas sebaran total yakni 1,5 juta km² (Rijksen dan Meijard, 1999). Menurut Atmoko (2007), Orangutan Kalimantan (Pongo pygmaeus) dan Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii) terpisah secara geografis paling sedikit sejak 10.000 tahun yang lalu, saat tejadi kenaikan permukaan air laut antar kedua pulau itu.

Orangutan Borneo (Pongo pygmaeus) tersebar di seluruh pulau Kalimantan di Indonesia (Kalimantan) dan Malaysia (Sabah dan Sarawak, orangutan sumatera (Pongo abelii) yang berada di pulau Sumatra dan orangutan Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis) asli dari Tapanuli Selatan. berikut perbandingan antara 3 sub species orang utan :

Orangutan Kalimantan (Pongo pygmaeus)

Orangutan jantan dengan bantalan pipi melebar sehingga wajahnya membulat. Bobot orangutan bisa lebih dari 90kg, dan mempunyai rambut berwarna coklat gelap. Orangutan kalimantan banyak ditemukan di hutan rawa gambut.

Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii)

Orangutan jantan mempunyai bantalan pipi yang menggelambir ke bawah dan mempunyai wajah yang oval. Bobotnya bisa mencapat hingga 90 kg, dan mempunyai rambut berwarna coklat orange terang. Habitat orangutan sumatera berada di hutan dataran tinggi atau pegunungan dengan ketinggian 1.000 mdpl.

Orangutan Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis)

Habitat orangutan tapanuli hanya dapat dijumpai di Ekosistem Batang Toru, Sumatera Utara dan resmi dinobatkan sebagai jenis baru pada tahun 2017. Perbedaan fisik orangutan tapanuli, yaitu Tengkorak dan tulang rahang lebih kecil namun gigi taring lebih besar daripada orangutan sumatera dan orangutan kalimantan, rambut lebih tebal dan keriting. Orangutan tapanuli jantan memiliki kumis dan jenggot yang menonjol dengan bantalan pipi berbentuk datar yang dipenuhi oleh rambut halus berwarna pirang.

Perbedaan karakteristik wajah Orang Utan Sumatera, kalimantan dan Tapanuli

Habitat orang utan Kalimantan

Orangutan Kalimantan tersebar hampir di seluruh pulau Kalimantan. Gugusan pegunungan Schwaner dan Muller memiliki dua sungai besar, yaitu Sungai Kapuas (Kalimantan Barat), serta Sungai Mahakam (Kalimantan Timur) menjadi barier alami yang membentuk tiga subspecies orangutan kalimantan saat ini.

Pongo pymaeus pygmaeus yang tersebar di bagian Barat Laut Kalimantan (Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun Danau Sentarum dan sekitarnya), Utara Sungai Kapuas sampai Timur Laut Serawak.

Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii memiliki sebaran pada Barat Daya Kalimantan, bagian Selatan sungai Kapuas (Kalimantan Barat) dan sedikit populasi di bagian timur sungai Barito (Kalimantan Selatan).

Pongo pygmaeus morio yang terbatas sebarannya pada Sabah dan bagian Timur Kalimantan sampai sejauh sungai Mahakam.

Status Konservasi

Semua sub-spesies orangutan Borneo adalah spesies langka dan sepenuhnya dilindungi oleh perundang-undangan Indonesia. Spesies ini diklasifikasikan oleh CITES ke dalam kategori Appendix I (species yang dilarang untuk diperdagangkan secara komersial karena sangat rentan terhadap kepunahan). 

Beberapa ancaman utama yang dihadapi oleh orangutan Borneo adalah kehilangan habitat, pembalakan liar, kebakaran hutan, perburuan dan perdagangan orangutan untuk menjadi satwa peliharaan. Orangutan sering kali disebut sebagai hama karena sering dianggap mengganggu perkebunan sehingga tidak jarang terjadi konflik antara orangutan dan manusia. dulu orang utan masuk merusak pucuk kelapa sawit untuk dimakan. karena dianggap hama, perusahaan sawit menawarkan sayembara berhadiah uang untuk membunuh orang utan. oleh karena itu si pemburu membunuh induk dan menjual anaknya untuk diperjualbelikan sebagai hewan peliharaan sehingga mendapat banyak uang. namun sekarang dengan banyaknya NGO yang bergerak dalam pelestarian dan konservasi, konflik lahan dengan hewan dapat dikurangi karena NGO langsung bergerak untuk merehabilitasi dan merelokasi hewan liar yang kehilangan habitat.

Makanan Orang Utan

Jenis makanan orangutan sebanyak 317 spesies makanan yang dapat diidentifikasi, terdiri atas 227 spesies tanaman yang berbeda, empat spesies fungi, lima jenis serangga, satu jenis madu liar. Orangutan juga minum air dari sungai, genangan rawa, dan lubang-lubang di dalam pohon (Galdikas, 1986). Meskipun variabilitas pada susunan makanan orangutan sangat besar, orangutan pada dasarnya bersifat frugivora.

Orangutan memanfaatkan buah, bunga, daun, kuncup dan kulit kayu serta cairan dari berbagai spesies pohon, tanaman menjalar dan tanaman lain, dan juga berbagai tanaman merambat yang kecil, anggrek, akar alang-alang air, rayap, ulat, semut ”weaver ants”, jamur (fungus), madu, pangkal dan batang tunas rotan muda, tanaman menjalar, epifit, pakis dan palma kecil, kebanyakan jenis makanan orangutan (235 atau 74%) berasal dari spesies pepohonan (Galdikas, 1986).

Pusat Penyelamatan Orang Utan

Di Pulau Kalimantan ada 5 pusat rehabilitasi Pongo Pygmaeus, di kalimantan tengah ada Orang Utan Foundation yang mengelola orang utan care center and quarantine (kota waringin) dan Camp Leakey yang berada di Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting kalimantan Tengah. di kalimantan timur dikelola oleh center for orang utan protection (COP) yaitu Borneo Orang Utan Survival foundation di Samboja dan Pusat Rehabilitasi Nyaru Menteng. COP juga sedang dalam pembangunan tempat rehabilitasi yang baru yaitu daerah sepaku, penajam. ada juga International Animal Rescue (IAR) yang memiliki lokasi rehabilitasi orang utan di desa sungai awan, Ketapang, kalimantan Barat. selain di kalimantan bagian indonesia, juga ada pusat rehabilitasi Orang utan di Kalimantan Bagian malaysia yaitu pusat rehabilitasi orang utan Sepilok, sabah, malaysia timur.

Orang Utan memang sudah sangat langka untuk dilihat di Kalimantan, namun bukan berarti mustahil dilihat. berikut taman nasional di indonesia yang merupakan lokasi orang utan dapat dilihat yaitu :

Sumatera (pongo abelii & Pongo Tapanuliensis)

1. Taman nasional gunung leuser, Bukit Lawang, Sumatera Utara.
2. Taman nasional bukit tiga puluh, jambi.
3. Taman nasional Batang Gadis, Sumatera Utara.
4. Ekosistem Batang Toru, Tapanuli selatan, sumatera utara ( pongo Tapanuliensis).

Kalimantan ( pongo Pygmaeus pygmaeus, pongo Pygmaeus Morio, Pongo Pygmaeus wurmbii).

1.  Taman Nasional Kutai, Kalimantan Timur.
2. Taman nasional Tanjung Puting, Kalimantan Tengah.
3. Pusat Rehabilitasi Nyaru Menteng, palangkaraya Kalimantan Tengah.
4. Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun, Kalimantan Barat.
5. Samboja Lodge BOSF, Samboja, Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur.
6. Pusat Konservasi Orang Utan (International Animal Rescue) Indonesia, Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat.
7. Hutan Lindung Wehea Kelay, Kutai Timur, Kalimantan Timur.

Keunikan Orang Utan

1. Spesies Primata Paling Cerdas.

Orang Utan dikenal sebagai spesies primata yang sangat cerdas. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari berbagai tingkah laku satwa ini. Misalnya mampu menggunakan tongkat untuk mengambil makanan, seperti buah di atas pohon dengan baik, memilih daun yang lebar sebagai pelindung dari hujan dan terik, serta meracik obat-obatan sendiri untuk mengobati dirinya.

2. Mempunyai Kekerabatan dengan Manusia.

Salah satu fakta menarik seputar Orang Utan adalah susunan DNA yang dimiliki oleh primata ini. Menurut hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa ternyata DNA Orang Utan mempunyai kemiripan dengan DNA manusia, bahkan tingkat kesamaannya mencapai 96,4%. Hal itu menunjukkan bahwa manusia dan Orang Utan mempunyai kekerabatan begitu dekat.

3. Orang Utan Jantan Mengeluarkan Seruan Panjang.

Pada tenggorokan Orangutan terdapat kantong suara. Ternyata kantong suara tersebut mempunyai fungsi tersendiri untuk satwa primata ini. Kantong suara tersebut menghasilkan suara lebih kencang dan panjang, bahkan jarak 1 kilometer masih bisa terdengar.

4. Panjang Lengan Orang Utan.

Meski ukuran tubuhnya tidak terlalu tinggi, tetapi ternyata lengan Orang Utan sangat panjang bahkan melebihi ukuran lengan primata lainnya. Salah satu faktor yang memicu panjang lengan satwa ini bisa mencapai 2,3 meter adalah kebiasan hidupnya yang bergelantungan dari satu pohon ke pohon lain dengan menggunakan lengan.

5. Satwa Kuat.

Meski dinyatakan memiliki kekerabatan yang dekat dengan manusia, tetapi kekuatan fisik Orang Utan masih jauh di atas manusia. Kekuatannya bahkan diperkirakan enam kali lebih besar dari manusia. Bukan hanya fisik saja, melainkan juga giginya. Walaupun begitu primata ini dikenal tidak berbahaya dan justru lebih tenang.

6. Pemalas dan Suka Tidur.

Orangutan tidak hanya terkenal sebagai satwa pemalas, namun juga primata yang suka tidur. Agar tidurnya lebih nyaman, satwa ini biasanya membuat kasur dari ranting-ranting di dalam sarangnya. Tidak hanya itu, mirip seperti manusia, orang utan juga akan tidur pada waktu siang hari di sela aktivitasnya.

Jika kalian ingin melihat orang utan liar silahkan datang ke Prevab Taman Nasional Kutai. disana Orang utan masih berperilaku alami karena sangat jarang berinteraksi dengan manusia. mereka hidup dengan nyaman di wilayah taman nasional Kutai yang terlindungi dari ancaman deforestasi hutan dan perburuan liar. dan juga orang utan Taman Nasional Kutai bukan hasil rehabilitasi dan reintroduksi dari pusat-pusat penyelamatan orang utan.

jika kalian menemukan Orang Utan yang memerlukan bantuan evakuasi, mohon amankan dengan hati-hati ke tempat yang tidak membahayakan orang utan dan manusia serta memudahkan tim rescue untuk mengevakuasi, hubungi secepatnya nomor BKSDA Kaltim yaitu : 

WA call center: 082113338181 ☎️ 0541-743556

posting foto / video dengan mengetag IG BKSDA Kaltim di Link berikut : https://www.instagram.com/bksda_kaltim/

Berikut link Akun Instagram yang bisa kalian follow untuk menambah wawasan mengenai penyelmatan hewan-hewan liar yang dilindungi di Indonesia : 

Taman Nasional Kutai : https://www.instagram.com/btn_kutai/
BOSF : https://www.instagram.com/bosfoundation/
Samboja BOSF Lodge : https://www.instagram.com/bosf_sambojalodge/
The Centre for Orangutan Protection (COP) : https://www.instagram.com/orangutan_cop/
Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting : https://www.instagram.com/tanjungputing/
International Animal Rescue (IAR) : https://www.instagram.com/iar_indonesia/
Ayo ke Taman Nasional : https://www.instagram.com/ayoketamannasional_official/
Taman Nasional Kayan Mentarang : https://www.instagram.com/btn_kayanmentarang/
Taman Nasional Sebangau : https://www.instagram.com/btn_sebangau/
Taman Nasional Bukit Baka Bukit Raya : https://www.instagram.com/btn_bukitbakabukitraya/
Taman Nasional Gunung Palung : https://www.instagram.com/btn_gn_palung/
Sintang Orang Utan Center : https://www.instagram.com/sintangorangutancenter/
Yayasan Orang Utan Indonesia (YAYORIN) : https://www.instagram.com/yayorin.id/
The Orang Utan Project : https://www.instagram.com/theorangutanproject/
Orang Utan Foundation : https://www.instagram.com/orangutan_foundation/
Orang Utan Information Center : https://www.instagram.com/orangutaninformationcentre/
Sumatran Orangutan Society : https://www.instagram.com/orangutanssos/
Taman Nasional Bukit Dua Belas : https://www.instagram.com/btn_bukitduabelas/
Taman Nasional Bukit Tiga Puluh : https://www.instagram.com/btn_bukittigapuluh/
Ditjen Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam dan Ekosistem KLHK : https://www.instagram.com/konservasi_ksdae/
Kukangku : https://www.instagram.com/kukangku/
Natha Satwa Nusantara : https://www.instagram.com/nathasatwanusantara/
Animal Defenders Indonesia : https://www.instagram.com/animaldefendersindo/
Fotographer wildlife Mr. Anil T Prabhakar : https://www.instagram.com/anil_t_prabhakar/

link Video : https://www.instagram.com/p/CA7yh9vJSIK/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link

Source and research literatur disadur dan diringkas dari berbagai macam sumber. seperti dari website BOSF, COP, IAR, YAYORIN, dan banyak lagi. selain itu juga diambil dari berbagai karya ilmiah seperti hasil penelitian. penulis tidak bermaksud untuk money oriented atau mendapat keuntungan komersil, melainkan murni untuk mengajak pembaca agar meningkatkan kepedulian terhadap kelestarian Orang Utan. semua foto menyertakan watermark dari pemilik aslinya, jika ada yang kurang berkenan silahkan menghubungi melalui link berikut : linkr.bio/6rjr9